How does a vacuum cleaner work?

House cleaning is a tedious, boring, but obligatory business. However, using a vacuum cleaner, you can not only effectively clean all floor coverings, but also maintain upholstered furniture, walls, and ceilings in perfect condition. Modern models of technology are able to qualitatively clean even tiled surfaces and glass. How the vacuum cleaner works, and what types of vacuum cleaners for the home are, we will tell in this article.

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Types of vacuum cleaners

The first vacuum cleaner was invented and patented by an American Daniel Hess in 1860. The device immediately made a splash around the world, since with its help the life of housewives has become many times simpler and easier. For a long time, a vacuum cleaner was very expensive and was considered a luxury, but after the Second World War this unit appeared in the homes of a good half of the families of Europe and America.

Today, there is cleaning equipment in every house, and if earlier our consumers could buy only domestic appliances, today, the modern market for household appliances is represented by a wide variety of models that differ in design, type of filtration and functionality. These are vertical devices that are widespread in the West, and cylindrical vacuum cleaners familiar to us with a hose and a pipe, and cordless (portable) vacuum cleaners, which are gaining more and more popularity due to their compactness, mobility and constant readiness for work.

Consider the main types and types of vacuum cleaners.

Appointment

Manufacturers produce equipment with two types of cleaning - dry and wet:

1. The principle of operation of the vacuum cleaner for dry cleaning is quite simple - the vacuum cleaner sucks in air from the floor along with dust and debris, filters it and releases it back, already clean air.
2. The principle of operation during wet cleaning is a little more complicated - first the vacuum cleaner sprinkles a little water on the floor, while wetting the dust and dirt, and then sucks in not only air with wet dust, but also the rest of the water. In such models of vacuum cleaners, there are two tanks for liquids: one for clean water, the other for returning dirty.

Important! Dry cleaning can be carried out on all surfaces, but wet can not be used for parquet, wooden furniture and carpets with natural pile.

So, household vacuum cleaners according to the type of cleaning and the method of collecting dust are divided into the following types:

• Dry cleaning devices.
• Vacuum cleaners.
• Combined devices.

Consider the main advantages and disadvantages of each type of equipment.

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Vacuum cleaners for dry cleaning

These are the simplest units. According to the type of dust collector, vacuum cleaners are divided into the following types:

• Device with dust bag.
• Cyclone devices.
• Vacuum cleaners with a water filter.

Vacuum cleaners with dust bag

When choosing a cleaning technique, the type of dust collector is very important. The quality of cleaning and the convenience of servicing the device depend on it to a greater extent. The simplest and cheapest dust collectors are bags. A vacuum cleaner with a dust bag is suitable as a budget option for ordinary dry cleaning the apartment.

They can be made of paper or fabric:

1. Paper bags practically do not let dust through their surface, but they are disposable. After filling, the bag is thrown away.The cleaning quality is good, you do not have to shake the bag, which is very convenient. But one minus is that dust collectors must be constantly purchased, which is expensive.
2. The fabric dust bag is reusable - after using it, the bag must be shaken out and reinstalled. Of course, this is much cheaper than the paper version, but not very convenient and hygienic, because you have to breathe dust during shaking. In addition, the fabric is capable of transmitting dust particles.

Important! In the West, brooms are very popular, this is a subspecies of the device with a bag. The device is very compact, lightweight and easy to use. Such a vacuum cleaner is very convenient to use for quick cleaning - both in the apartment and in a passenger car.

The advantages of vacuum cleaners for dry cleaning:

• Profitability.
• Ability to clean large surfaces thanks to a long and comfortable cord.
• The ability to control the power of the device, due to the presence of several modes of operation.
• Low price.
• Simplicity of operation.

Cons of the device:

• Vacuum cleaners are not able to completely clean the surface, even with high power.
• Only suitable for dusting and not able to cope with pollution.
• Not suitable for people suffering from respiratory diseases, as fine dust still gets back into the air.
• The inconvenience of shaking the bag and the extra financial cost of buying disposable paper bags.

Vacuum cleaners with container

More expensive models with a dust collector in the form of a plastic transparent container are convenient in that the filtered dust does not need to be shaken out. After cleaning, the container must be washed and inserted back into the device. The system is very simple and straightforward, in addition, the cleaning result can always be seen through the transparent wall.

The principle of operation of this type of vacuum cleaner is also different. Dust is not just trapped by the filter, but thanks to the special design of the container, it unwinds in a spiral. As a result, dust particles get confused, and their weight increases and they settle to the bottom of the container.

Important! The cyclone system is much more efficient than the classic dust bag cleaning system. The installed filter in the cyclone vacuum cleaner is much less polluted, and at the outlet the air is much cleaner.

Of course, such devices are much more efficient than classic vacuum cleaners, but they are also more expensive.

Important! Cyclonic vacuum cleaners dust collectors are perfect for ordinary dry cleaning of a private house.

Vacuum cleaners with a water filter

The unique design of the vacuum cleaner with a water filter provides a better and more thorough cleaning of all rooms. As a filter, these models have a water tank. Dust entering the tank is mixed with water, and the air comes out completely clean.

The technology of mixing water and dust is of two types:

1. Separator. The principle of operation of the vacuum cleaner is as follows - the dust falling into the dust collector mixes with water and settles in it. An additional filter cleans the air - at the outlet it is clean and moist. Vacuum cleaners with a separator dust collector are more expensive and require strong components.
2. Turbulent. This dust collector works as follows - nozzles are installed inside the system that spray water to the smallest particles. Getting into such a “water curtain”, the dust mixes with particles of liquid and settles. The disadvantage of a turbulent dust collector is that water can enter the engine through a filter, which is dangerous. Models of this type are cheaper than a more complex separator design.

Advantages of the model with a water filter:

• The air is not only cleansed, but also moistened.
• Possibility of high-quality cleaning of any surfaces, including washing windows and cleaning sinks.
• Multifunctionality. This model of a vacuum cleaner allows you to collect not only dust, but also construction waste, lumps of dirt and even foliage.
• Better cleaning of the room. Dust does not enter the air after cleaning.

Important! If this type of equipment suits you, use the information from our article to choose the best vacuum cleaner with aquafilter.

Disadvantages of technology:

• Large dimensions.
• The need for regular filling and draining of water, even when cleaning a small surface.
• Relatively high price ..

Important! Vacuum cleaners with a water filter are ideal for people who not only love the perfect order, but also have problems with the respiratory tract, for example, allergies to dust.

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Vacuum cleaners - quality and modern technology

Today, washing vacuum cleaners are gradually pushing out all other types of devices from the market, due to their advantages:

• High-quality cleaning of all rooms. With the help of a modern device, you can not just vacuum up, but carry out a comprehensive cleaning of the house.
• Multifunctionality. Vacuum cleaners of this type clean any surface, including tiles and plastic panels.
• High power unit.
• Possibility of both dry and wet cleaning.
• Silent work.
• The ability to use any detergent makes it easier to clean the most difficult dirt.
• The presence of a large number of nozzles (5-8) allows you to clean even the most inaccessible complex areas.
• The ability to remove excess moisture from the surface.

The principle of operation of the vacuum cleaner is quite simple - the washing solution is supplied through a special tube and sprayed on the treated surface. After - dirty water is sucked back. The washing devices are equipped with two tanks: one for water with detergent, and the other for waste liquid.

Important! Using a washing vacuum cleaner, you can wash any surface, including carpet flooring on a latex basis. However, you cannot wash carpets on a natural basis, since not all water from the carpet will be absorbed back, some of it still remains.

The disadvantages of the device:

• Large dimensions.
• Requires the purchase of special detergents.
• When in contact with water, the HEPA filter becomes an excellent medium for the reproduction of microbes and bacteria.
• Additional filters require regular replacement, which leads to considerable costs.
• The high price of the device.
• The need to add clean water to the tank and drain the waste.
• Extra care after use is required. After cleaning, rinse and dry all parts of the vacuum cleaner.
• Devices are heavier and slow.

Important! The positive qualities of a modern device cover all the disadvantages and the inflated price, because high-quality cleaning with a washing vacuum cleaner is a whole new level. Due to the possibility of cleaning different surfaces, the washing machine becomes an indispensable tool for housewives in cleaning the house.

Choose the best model for your specifications under your conditions from the proposed on our website rating of the best washing vacuum cleaners.

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What other vacuum cleaners are there?

The listed types of vacuum cleaners are not the whole range of possible options.

Robotic vacuum cleaners

Progress does not stand still and robotic vacuum cleaners are gaining more and more popularity among consumers. An innovative type of equipment allows cleaning the premises without the participation of the hostess.

Important! Such an employee autonomously drives around the apartment and vacuums, while more expensive models even have the option of wet cleaning. At the same time, they create in their memory a map of the room and easily find contaminated places, avoiding obstacles. The innovative technique is capable of self-recharging, if the battery runs out.

This model of a vacuum cleaner is:

1. A device in the form of a battery-powered drive.
2. The diameter of the disk is 25-35 cm, and the height of such a vacuum cleaner does not exceed 13 cm.
3. Cleaning brushes are located at the bottom and sides of the device.
4. The robot is equipped with a 3-4 step filtration system.

Important! Such an assistant can clean one or two rooms in 1-1.5 hours.Take a look at really high-quality models so that money for such expensive equipment is not wasted. The most worthy options are considered by our experts in the article. "The best robotic vacuum cleaners".

Models of modern technology are equipped with many functions:

• they can perform cleaning on the programmed route a specified number of times;
• able to remove dust and debris not only from a flat surface, but also under armchairs, tables and chairs;
• can unload dust in a container, etc.

However, this wonderful technique has its drawbacks, in particular:

• Low efficiency.
• The possibility of a jam.
• Moves poorly on carpet.

Important! Robot vacuum cleaners are only useful for maintaining cleanliness in the house, and not for basic or general cleaning. And so that there are no problems with the movement of the robot, the room should have a flat floor and low carpeting.

Vacuum cleaner with steam cleaner

The device in the form of a mop with a steam cleaner is a very compact unit for cleaning. In appearance, the vacuum cleaner really resembles a mop, but instead of a rag, such a device uses a special steam nozzle.

The design of the vacuum cleaner is similar to the device washing models. The only difference is a steam generator installed in the housing.

Important! The steam supply process is adjustable, the steam temperature can reach 100-150 degrees. In the process, hot steam eliminates limescale, residues of contaminants, grease from metal, plastic surfaces.

Due to the large number of nozzles, cleaning becomes a very simple matter, in addition, with the help of steam you can disinfect any things and any surfaces. You will find different models of this group in a comparative review. “Vacuum cleaners with a steam cleaner”.

However, this technique has its drawbacks:

• Sudden changes in temperature negatively affect the fabric, tile and stone.
• Higher cost compared to even washing models.
• Fragility.
• Limited opportunities.

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What to look for when choosing a vacuum cleaner?

From the point of view of functional and technical capabilities, each consumer must choose the ideal vacuum cleaner. If you want to purchase a modern model of the device, then pay attention to the following main characteristics of vacuum cleaners:

• Type of cleaning - dry, wet. Type of dust collector: bag, container, water tank (aqua filter). Vacuum cleaner design. We wrote about all this above.
• Air filtration. In all devices, filtering is the same:
  1. At the first stage, the air is cleaned in a bag, container or aquafilter.
  2. On the second - the air is cleaned by a filter in front of the engine compartment.
  3. In the third, air passes through a fine filter. It can be S-class filters, electrostatic filters or HEPA filters. These filters trap minute dust particles, viruses, and bacteria.
• Power. The power unit of the vacuum cleaner has its own power - the power consumption of electricity, which is spent on air intake, filtration and other functions of the device. The range of energy consumption can be from 1300 to 2000 watts.

Important! Suction power - this is a characteristic of the vacuum cleaner itself. It shows how much the device can suck in air. It is this indicator that determines the performance of equipment. The range of this parameter ranges from 250 to 480 watts. The greater the suction power, the greater the power consumption. When buying a device, pay attention not to the maximum suction power, but to the average, because it is it that is working during the entire cleaning process.

Purchase a vacuum cleaner with a power regulator to reduce the air suction power when cleaning a relatively clean room and increase power when necessary.

• Noise level. Modern models are noisier than a washing machine or dishwasher (75-85 dB).
• Shape, size, weight.Look for an individual balance between your needs and capabilities of the device, because reducing the size of the vacuum cleaner primarily affects the volume of the dust bag. Perhaps the best for you vertical vacuum cleaner.
• Hose and pipe. Vacuum cleaner tubes are made of steel, aluminum or plastic. Today, manufacturers increasingly prefer plastic. Tubes made of this material are lightweight, and in durability they are not inferior to metal. New models of units have telescopic tubes that allow you to individually adjust their length to a specific user. A remote control is mounted directly on the handle of such models.

Important! The hose of the device must be sufficiently long, flexible and resistant to kinks. And you can even buy good cordless vacuum cleaner for home.

• Nozzles. A variety of nozzles are included in the package of the vacuum cleaner:
  1. Slotted - for cleaning in inaccessible places.
  2. Turbo brush - perfectly copes with animal hair.
  3. Nozzle with magnet - for collecting metal waste.
  4. Plunger.
  5. Brushes of different shapes, different lengths of bristles.
  6. Special nozzles for cleaning pets.

Important! The set of nozzles can be different, depending on the model of the vacuum cleaner and its type (for dry or wet cleaning). Each manufacturer tries to equip their devices with an additional assortment of branded accessories.

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Which vacuum cleaner is better?

Which vacuum cleaner to choose - each buyer must decide for himself, because the choice depends on the needs and opportunities. According to experts, the vacuum cleaner is considered the most ideal, which has the following characteristics:

• Simple enough, easy to use.
• It does not require special care.
• It has no power-reducing filters.
• Has a long warranty period.
• With a lot of engine revolutions.

Important! Focus on the manufacturer of the equipment. By purchasing products from a well-known company, you practically guarantee the quality and durability of using a vacuum cleaner.

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We hope that our information helped you understand the variety of vacuum cleaners, and the advice of experts helped you determine the choice of equipment for cleaning the house. We hope that the functionality of the device pleasantly surprised you and the vacuum cleaner has become your true helper.